Australia. Guide to Australia

‘Australia's economy’

The development of air transport in Australia has helped to establish communication with the outside world and within the country. On domestic routes passenger transport are mainly provided by the airlines' Kuontas "and" Ansett ".

For decades, the principle of the two airlines was carried out by the federal government, and one of them ("Ansett") a private, and the other ("Transostrelien Airlines" or "Ostrelien Airlines") - State. Besides, engaged in international transportation public company "Kuontas".

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With 1795, when the first white settlers moved for partial self-sufficiency in basic foodstuffs, until the end of World War II was agriculture, and especially the sheep, was the foundation of the Australian economy. Although the development of industry, agriculture lost its leading position, the industry still lies at the heart of the country's wealth.

The expression "Australia rides on the sheep" justify himself for a hundred years - from 1820 up to about 1920. Using imported into 1797 from Cape of Good Hope, several Spanish Merino, as well as other, imported from England a little later, John MacArthur and his wife Elizabeth by careful breeding brought a new breed - Australian merino.

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Cultivation of crops is limited mainly eastern and south-eastern peripheral regions of Australia, less developed in the south-west Western Australia and in Tasmania.

After 1950, when it was planted 8 млн. га, there was a significant increase in acreage, up to a record-urovhectare 22 млн. ha 1984. Subsequently, the adverse climatic and economic factors have reduced the acreage to 17 млн. га , but then again began to grow - up to 19,4 млн. hectare per year.hectareMillion

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