Australia. Guide to Australia

After the death in July D.Kertina 1945 Labour government headed D.Chifli, who announced the reforms. Laid the foundation of the "social state", related to the development of social security and public health.

In a referendum 1946 approved an amendment to the constitution, on the basis of which started in the payment of benefits to disabled, older people, young mothers, unemployed, widows, orphans and families with many children.

In 1949 was created by the hydropower cascade "Snow Mountain", which has not only helped to get electricity, but also to irrigate large areas of south-eastern Australia. An attempt was made to put the banks under the control of the Federal Bank, locked-in 1947 The Supreme Court of Justice. Then the laborers have taken the Act of nationalization of banks, that also was rejected by the Supreme Court. State regulatory measures have survived wartime, in particular, sales of petrol rationing. Society split, began to attack the financial community on labour's position throughout the country, completed fall of Government 1949.

In 1947 the evaluability of emigration to Australia. But only in 1965. ALP under pressure, withdrew the requirement from the program of the Socialist International "White Australia" and passed to the idea of "multikultury", cultural preservation of different peoples in Australia.

In 1949 came to power the liberal agricultural coalition headed by r. Menzies (rules to 1965).

In the 50-s growth in living standards and expanding middle classes resulted in stabilizing the social situation. However, income levels remained low in comparison with the countries of the West. Only 7% taxpayers earn more 2 Thd. s. per year.

The postwar period is characterized by the smooth holding of industrialization, secured by the influx of foreign capital. In 60-th value of industrial and agricultural products was 60 to 30. The number of people employed in agriculture fell in the 40s and 70s 20% before 7,4%. Australia became a developed industrial society with efficient agriculture.

Up to 60 's industrialization was mostly importzameshhajushhij nature. The metallurgy, Automotive, oil refining. Road and air transportation rail transportation priced out.

In the 60-s of the opening of the uranium deposits caused mineral boom and rapid development of mining industry.

The continuing high level of monopolization of large-scale production. In some industries (Automotive, tractor construction, metallurgy, Chemical, food industries, etc.) the dominant position held by foreign capital.

The manufacturing industry is still dominated by small enterprises, have successfully entered the industrial system of the country and provide a flexible service as large companies, and the population. In the service sector in the 60's was occupied by a third of the workforce.