Australia. Guide to Australia

‘government’

The development of Australian English began mainly after the termination of the expulsion of convicts in the English colonies in North America. This punishment was practiced in the British penal system, until the War of Independence United States.

The search for other places of detention were not successful, a contingent of prisoners, which was kept on barges, moored to the banks of the Thames, steadily increased. In these circumstances the British government approved a plan to send convicts to Botany Bay in New South Wales.

First Flotilla under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip sailed from England in May 1787 and arrived in Botany Bay in January 1788. Phillip did not like this place, and he soon found a little farther to the north of the harbor another. The landing was carried out in the bay area in Sydney, known as Port Jackson, and there started work on clearing the area and the construction of houses.

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The emergence of the Commonwealth of Australia was the first event of the twentieth century. Decision on its establishment in force 1 January 1901. But it was still not enough time, before the Australian continent have an independent nation and mature industrial society, we see today.

Australia came into the twentieth century. in a state of economic recovery, who succeeded depression, caused by the crisis of sheep. Over 90 doubled crop spare, and although livestock continued to dominate the economy of the country, agriculture has become more diversified.

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In the political life of Australia during the period from 1901 along 1914 There were special groups, speakers in defence of free trade, and protectionist groups, While the Labour Party held the balance of power and eventually encouraged the introduction of tariffs.

Other important events of the period under review was the provision of pensions to the elderly and the adoption of the system of conciliation and arbitration in industrial disputes.

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