Australia. Guide to Australia

‘territory’

Australia - the main producer of zinc and lead, which often occur together with silver. The most important area of ​​production of these metals - Mount Isa - Klonkarri in the western Квинсленде, there ore is supplied to enrichment facilities in Mount Ayse and Townsville.

Older, but still significant areas of extraction of these metals - Xian-Dundas in Tasmania (with 1882) and Broken Hill in the west- New South Wales (with 1883). In terms of metal content in 1995-1996 was produced 774 Thd. tons of lead ore. In the same year it was produced 1,3 Million. tons of zinc.

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The development of Australian English began mainly after the termination of the expulsion of convicts in the English colonies in North America. This punishment was practiced in the British penal system, until the War of Independence United States.

The search for other places of detention were not successful, a contingent of prisoners, which was kept on barges, moored to the banks of the Thames, steadily increased. In these circumstances the British government approved a plan to send convicts to Botany Bay in New South Wales.

First Flotilla under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip sailed from England in May 1787 and arrived in Botany Bay in January 1788. Phillip did not like this place, and he soon found a little farther to the north of the harbor another. The landing was carried out in the bay area in Sydney, known as Port Jackson, and there started work on clearing the area and the construction of houses.

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Arthur Phillip was the first governor of the colony. For health reasons he had to return to England in 1792, and over the next three years, two time Governor, John Hunter and Phillip King Gidle, alternately tried to control the colony with the squad, enrolled in England and known as the Corps Novoyuzhnouelssky.

The successor of the governor was William Bligh, whose name became known in connection with the mutiny on the ship "Bounty". Bligh tried to put in the colony and naval discipline came into conflict with the, who sought to extract personal gain from the existing difficulties in the colony.

Drawing on the rich and influential colonists, Corps Commander Major General George Novoyuzhnouelsskogo Johnston dismissed and arrested Bligh. Johnston was convicted by a military court for taking part in this "rum revolution", and in 1809 Governor was appointed Colonel Lachlan Macquarie.

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