Australia. Guide to Australia

‘life’

Victoria (Victory) - State of the south-eastern Australia, The smallest state in the territory of the mainland. Victoria Square is 237 629 км (6-place among the Australian states),the state's population 5,012 million. The capital and largest city - Melbourne.

Over 80% residents living in two cities – in the capital, Melbourne (3,3 Million) and r. Geelong. Main mineral resources of Victoria – energy. In the Latrobe Valley brown coal is extracted, used in thermal power plants. In Bass Strait are being developed oil and gas. Victoria – the main supplier of fuel oil in the country.

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Западная Австралия (Western Australia) - The largest of the Australian states, occupying a third of the continent. State jurisdiction Western Australia Is 2,646 million miles. To the east is bordered by State Northern Territory and South Australia. The capital and largest city - Perth, population - 2 million. The main sea port of Fremantle. Major cities - Manduria, Banbury, Калгурли, Albany.

In winter, the amplitude of the temperature in the central parts of the region up to 30… 40 ° C at night, with an average temperature of 12… 18 ° C. Sometimes there are frozen, associated not only with the radiation, but also with the invasions of cold air masses from the south.

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By the beginning of European colonization, there were approximately. 300 тыс. Australians, More than 260 languages. In 19 – the early. 20 Centuries. Aboriginal population is constantly declining, in the 2nd polovine20 in. there were approximately. 160 тыс. people. (with the Métis), Australian languages ​​but possess no more than 50% of them.Thd

Of 200 avctraliyskih languages ​​large part on the verge of extinction. Only in the «language of the Western Desert»they say 4 Thd. people., number of speakers of other languages – from a few to several hundred people. Many Australian languages ​​have many dialects, because of the significant lexical differences between the native understanding of some of them can not be. It is difficult to distinguish languages ​​and dialects,bringing the total number of Australian languages ​​are sometimes estimated to be 500-600.

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